![]() Grapefruit peel extracts have been shown to decrease the HL-60 cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. (2019) reported that grapefruit EO extracted by hydrodistillation had antioxidant activity by using DPPH and FRAP assays. Grapefruit EO has shown antioxidant activity, which was important for food preservation and disease prevention. (2013) found that grapefruit EO obtained from the peel by hydrodistillation exerted inhibitory effects against bacteria and fungi, andmay be further developed for the treatment of certain diseases. ![]() It was shown to inhibit the growth of food-borne spoilage bacteria and pathogenic strains. Grapefruit EO has been reported to have a wide range of bioactivities. In spite of extensive studies on the aroma features of grapefruit EO, in recent years, more and more researchers have become interested in exploring their biological and pharmacological activities. Terpene oxides include alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and esters, which are the main source of the aroma, whereas terpenes contribute less to the aroma. Similar to most citrus EOs, its major components are terpenes and terpene oxides. Grapefruit EO is extracted from grapefruit peel and has been used for a long time as a valuable ingredient for its characteristic aroma in flavor and fragrance. Grapefruit ( Citrus paradisi Macf.), one of the world′s largest production citrus families, is famous for its taste and nutritional value. Thus, citrus EO is of great demand and is one of the more promising market prospects. The annual global production of citrus EO is approximately 16,000 tons, and the cost is about $14,000/ton on the international market. Citrus Eos are the main aromatic by-products of the juice extraction industry and are widely used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. In the past few decades, plant essential oils (EOs) have attracted a lot of interest due to their safety and pharmacological properties including bacteriostatic, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitory effects on malignant tumor cell proliferation. Plant extracts have been used since ancient times, and now the focus is on their role in health promotion and their treatment and prevention properties for various diseases. With the frequent occurrence of food safety issues and the toxicity of synthetic chemicals, the demand for safe and natural alternatives is growing. The CCK-8 assay of cell proliferation showed that the light phase oil had a good inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2 liver cancer cells and HCT116 colon cancer cells. DPPH and ABTS assays demonstrated that the light phase oil had good antioxidant activity. The light phase oil had the best antimicrobial effect on Bacillus subtilis, followed by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonellaty phimurium. Twenty-four components were detected with a total relative content of 99.74%, including 97.48% of terpenes and 1.66% of oxygenated terpenes. The antimicrobial activity of the light phase oil was tested by filter paper diffusion method, and the anticancer activity was determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. In this study, a light phase oil was obtained by molecular distillation from cold-pressed grapefruit essential oil and GC-MS was used to identify its chemical composition. However, bioactivity of its molecular distillate has not been well studied. Grapefruit essential oil has been proven to have wide range of bioactivities.
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